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Architecture started at the banks of the Euphrates River,A village from the “Neo
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The "Jerf Al-Ahmar" village which represents an architectural conglomeration extending over an area of approximately one hectare, and consists of several houses distributed in the form of an arch surrounding a courtyard, is considered the oldest residential conglomeration in the history of humanity. What is of further importance is the presence, in the middle of the courtyard, of a central construction which has the quality of a social building and not a residential one.
The Neolithic Period followed the Stone Age, and during this period man passed from the hunting and fruit-picking phase into the agricultural production and cattle raising phase, thus transiting from nomadism to settlement."Jerf Al-Ahmar" belongs to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period (PPNA). |
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French-Syrian mission to Halabiya-Zenobia
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“Halabiya”, a fortified town on the Euphrates:
The “Halabiya” site is located along the Euphrates river at the issue of gorges in which the river course becomes narrower and crosses a gypsum plateau having basaltic bottom. This belt of “Khanouqa” was naturally propitious to establishing a control on the river crossing. The tradition attributes to the famous “Zenobia of Palmyra” the foundation of two twin towns “Halabiya” and “Zalabiya” on both sides of the Euphrates, at the end of the 3rd century A.D. |
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The Hammams : Architectural Heritage and Social Function
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Damascus and Aleppo, like other Bilad Al Sham cities and many of Mediterranean ones, have flourished during several ages of human history, social and intellectual life developed and public buildings of various social functions emerged.
The Romans used public baths. The origins of the Hammams in Damascus and Aleppo date back to the Omayyad period in the seventh century A.D. where Damascus was the center of the Caliphate, witnessing a huge growth as being the capital of the Omayyad Caliphate which extended upon vast parts of the Mediterranean Basin as well as of the Arabian peninsula. The Hammam is one of those buildings that can be seen spread within the whole urban structure of the city and inside every quarter of it. It is also considered an integral part of the public life which is connected to the traditions and culture of the society, in addition to its value as a cultural heritage with distinguished architectural designs.
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